In recent years, there has been a concerning trend of increasing cases of colorectal and other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in younger people. Despite being more common in older adults, early-onset colorectal cancer is now a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in younger men and women. According to a recent study published in The British Journal of Surgery, researchers believe that factors like obesity, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption may be contributing to this rise. The incidence of these cancers is rising among individuals under the age of 50, which is a stark contrast to the previous trend of declining rates in older adults.
Understanding colorectal cancer and GI cancers
Colorectal cancer: It is a type of cancer that starts in the colon, which is the longest part of the large intestine. The colon is a crucial part of the digestive system, responsible for breaking down food so that the body can absorb nutrients. When abnormal cells grow in the colon, it can lead to colon cancer, a serious condition. Gastrointestinal cancer: GI cancers refer to a group of cancers that affect the digestive system, which includes organs like the esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, colon, and rectum. These cancers can also occur in the other parts of the digestive system, such as the small intestine, gallbladder, and anus.
Rise of colorectal and GI cancers in young adults
Factors responsible for the rise of colorectal and GI cancer:
- Increased exposure to carcinogens: Exposure to certain chemicals and substances in the environment may increase the risk of GI cancers.
- Changes in gut microbiome: Alterations in the balance of gut bacteria may contribute to the development of GI cancers.
- Lifestyle factors: Poor diet, lack of physical activity, and obesity may all contribute to the increased risk of GI cancers.
- Changes in diet: A diet high in processed meat, sugar, and unhealthy fats may increase the risk of colon cancer.
- Lack of physical activity: Sedentary lifestyle and lack of regular exercise may also contribute to the increased risk
- Genetic mutations: Some younger adults may be more likely to have genetic mutations that increase their risk of colorectal cancer.
Other GI cancers on the rise
In addition to colorectal cancer, other GI cancers are also increasing in younger adults, including:Esophageal cancer: Cancer of the esophagus, which is often linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and obesity.Gastric cancer: Cancer of the stomach, which is often linked to infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria.Pancreatic cancer: Cancer of the pancreas, which is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis.
How can you prevent the risk of GI cancers?
While the trend is concerning, there are a few steps you can take to reduce the risk of GI cancers:
- If you’re under 50, talk to your doctor about getting screened for colorectal cancer, especially if you have a family history
- Focus on having a whole, nutrient-dense food, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Eat a healthy diet.
- Regular exercise can help reduce the risk of GI cancers.
- Maintain your body weight through a combination of diet and exercise.
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