When gout remains untreated for extended periods, it leads to the formation of hard lumps beneath the skin near joints, known as “tophi”. Tophi consist of uric acid crystals, that accumulate under the skin as firm bumps. Tophi tend to form near the toes and foot areas but they are not always painful, though they cause harm to skin and joint structures. Tophi can create foot deformities together with localised swelling. It can cause infections when they penetrate the skin and create additional health issues.
References:
Mayo Clinic. Gout. [Information on symptoms and treatments of gout].
Arthritis Foundation. Gout and Uric Acid.
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS). Gout.
Cleveland Clinic. Understanding Gout: Symptoms and Diagnosis.
Disclaimer: This article is informational only and not a substitute for medical advice
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